Primary Bone Lymphoma
Prepared by Dr. Ali Erkan YENIGUL A rare lymphoma subtype presenting primarily in bone, often mimicking other primary bone tumours. Epidemiology Etiology Clinical Presentation Imaging Pathology Treatment References
Prepared by Dr. Ali Erkan YENIGUL A rare lymphoma subtype presenting primarily in bone, often mimicking other primary bone tumours. Epidemiology Etiology Clinical Presentation Imaging Pathology Treatment References
Prepared by Dr. Serdar DEMIROZ Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a diverse group of malignant mesenchymal tumors with distinct molecular, histologic, and clinical behaviours.Advances in cytogenetic and molecular diagnostics—notably the detection of recurrent translocations (e.g., t(X;18), t(12;16)) and gene amplifications (MDM2, CDK4)—have transformed diagnosis, replacing purely morphologic classification with a genotype-driven approach.Prognosis varies widely according…
Prepared by Dr. Erhan OKAY Synovial sarcoma is a high-grade malignant soft tissue tumor primarily affecting the extremities of young adults. Diagnosis requires MRI, histopathology, and molecular confirmation of the SS18–SSX fusion gene. Treatment is multidisciplinary, centered on complete surgical excision with limb preservation when feasible, combined with perioperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy for large, deep,…
Prepared by Dr. Serdar DEMIROZ A diverse group of malignant tumours arising from mesenchymal tissues, commonly affecting extremities. Definition Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, representing about 1% of all malignancies. They may arise in any anatomical site, most commonly the extremities and trunk. The clinical presentation is often insidious, with slow-growing, painless masses that delay…
Prepared by Dr. Sefa Giray BATIBAY Metastatic bone disease (MBD) is the most common malignant condition of the skeleton, often originating from breast, prostate, lung, kidney, or thyroid cancers.Treatment targets fracture prevention, functional maintenance and pain relief. Overview Metastatic bone disease (MBD) is the most frequent malignant bone condition. It reflects the spread of systemic cancer to…
Prepared by Dr. Natig VELI Multiple Myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disorder that causes bone marrow infiltration, excessive monoclonal protein production, and skeletal destruction through osteoclast activation and osteoblast suppression. It primarily affects older adults and commonly presents with bone pain, anaemia, renal dysfunction, and recurrent infections.Radiographs reveal multiple “punched-out” lytic lesions, while MRI…
Prepared by Dr. Ahmet SALDUZ Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilage-forming tumor of bone that primarily affects adults and demonstrates a wide biological spectrum from indolent low-grade to highly aggressive dedifferentiated forms. It most often arises in the pelvis, ribs, and proximal long bones. The tumor typically presents with chronic pain, swelling, and functional limitation. Diagnosis…
Prepared by Dr Korhan OZKAN / Dr. Krishna A. Reddy Ewing sarcoma (ES) was described by James Ewing. It is a small, round, blue cell neoplasm and is most seen in children and young adults[i]. It has an average incidence of 1.5 per million in adolescents and young adults[ii]. After osteosarcoma, ES are the second…
Prepared by Dr. Sefa Giray BATIBAY High-grade, malignant, osteoid-producing sarcoma of bone.Most common primary bone sarcoma.Arises predominantly in metaphysis of long bones (esp. around the knee). Epidemiology Aetiology & Genetics Histology Subtypes INTRAMEDULLARY SURFACE OTHERS Clinical Features Imaging X-ray: MRI: CT Chest: Bone scan / PET-CT: Staging Differential Diagnosis Labs Biopsy Treatment 1. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy…